
(Tamla)
!!! A+ RECORDING !!!The album cover's mildly Gothic appearance and grainy distance (its somber color scheme recalling
Rubber Soul) are not an accident; Marvin Gaye's left-field intention is to evoke a pallid, foreboding landscape, to direct his listeners' eyes and ears to the newspaper-gray misery of the out-of-sight out-of-mind invisible elements of their world, a permanent rejection, forty years on, of royal weddings and Microsoft's purchase of Skype. This brief, chillingly direct set of nine songs dives into poverty, war, fear, anger, sober maturity, and the pure shit of trying to make a life and help along the lives one touches -- responsibility. It's the most uncommercial, wildly bizarre proposition for a pop record, one to which Motown head Berry Gordy was understandably resistant. To everyone's surprise, to the eternal befuddlement of the executive establishment, it was Gaye's career-making moment, a record of shining and revolutionary power. And a permanent record of his compassion and, more pressingly, his musical expertise, craft, taste.
The modern rock scholar underestimates Gaye's 1960s teen-oriented material at his or her own risk; the respect and awe Gaye as a performer -- as nothing more than a performer! -- demands is formidable, his greatness intimidating from the start. But he was still very much a Motown stable man, on the same Mobius strip as virtually everyone under Gordy save Stevie Wonder and Diana Ross. So Gaye's demand of control over this release not only altered the course, the sound, the meaning and contextual merit of his career, it created a precedent that led to a gutting and rebuilding of Motown as a business and artistic entity. It is difficult, for instance, to imagine Stevie Wonder's triumphs of the '70s without
What's Going On; Gaye and Wonder were the first artists at the label to gain total control of their output, and both took a greater level of care and interest in the entirety of that position than Gordy likely expected.
Gaye's career is divided conveniently, tragically neatly -- heartthrob and oddball -- his life cut short before he could explore the cunning popster he was becoming... He would reach bracing heights in the '70s, and in fact his two later peaks --
Let's Get It On and the magical, bizarre, insurmountable
Here, My Dear -- eclipse
What's Going On despite its lofty reputation. But this is the record that made everything possible, that opened the door for Gaye, who instantly proves himself a brilliant producer -- consciously aligning himself with a singular and distinct timely sound, forever identifying the record as a product of its '70s without sacrificing its universal elements. The stark, spacious but complex sound evokes cloudy urban squalor and its impenetrably intricate politics; the deft trickery of the songwriting, the most immaculately crafted of Motown up to this point, fuses with the emotional cresting in the remarkable arrangements to pay off, in spades, on the hundreds of brilliant 7" records the factory'd been churning out for the previous decade. It makes perfect narrative sense that this is the LP on which the Funk Brothers, Motown's immaculate backing band, finally received individual credit -- this is the product of everything they'd ever worked for, an artistic zenith worthy of any heady analysis, tearful evening, or dancing boom.
What's Going On is unmistakably, deliberately built around three centerpiece tracks, which also happen to be the three singles. The masterpiece of compassion "Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology)" is as ideal a summation of the record as any, wrapping its waves and layers of beauty and misty-eyed altruism around to build a collective of humanity that lifts and tugs. Even more remarkable is "Inner City Blues (Make Me Wanna Holler)," a politically conscious, nearly alien slab of funk slow-burn energy that upgrades the snake-charming voodoo of "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" with coy anger and protest. For not merely is the music's abstraction and relentless, lush oddness a sharp contrast to Gaye's and Motown's standard material, its subject matter is remarkably dark, eloquent, and advanced, a perfect narrative to the late-twenties human growing glumly aware of his surroundings. Though the Temptations and Stevie Wonder had taken their stabs, this was typically the domain of Curtis Mayfield's Impressions. It must be stated, then, that Gaye's economy and soul, his ability to connect his ideas and concerns directly to the listener's heartbeat, stands above and beyond his peers.
This, for whatever reason, comes across considerably less on the album's most famous crucial cut, its title track. "What's Going On" is a solid single and deserved hit, but it shoves the musical innovation into a less central role, and what's left flirts with what we'd now call adult contemporary. To boot, it contains unquestionably Gaye's least inspired vocal performance of the album. It only colors itself in comparison, truly; everywhere else on the LP, Gaye is nuanced, calm, achingly sad, every millisecond of every recording awash with modest warmth and muted genius.
As soon as "What's Going On" fades, it leads to the suite that makes the record an undisputed classic. The segues are rapid and scarcely noted, the songs taking the form of pieces of a whole. "What's Happening Brother" immediately flies leaps and bounds above, the Funk Brothers persuasive yet nonchalant, the unhummable melody circling around and teasing without ever setting out to convert, a job left for the cumulative effect of the songs to gather. The drug lament "Flying High" is the masterfully vague first display of Gaye's great gift as producer and arranger, his goosebump-inducing vocal interplay with strings and instruments, and the immense, well-contained power of his self-recorded backing vocals. Less discussed but equally vital: the half spoken-word, low-key "Save the Children," which presents itself as powerful poetry quite admirably without overselling, and the insanely sophisticated "God Is Love," inspired in its brevity. All this leads to the climax of "Mercy, Mercy Me" and the LP side that shook the world halts, demanding to be played again.
The second half is less remarkable, almost strictly because one of its only three cuts is the record's sole serious misstep. "Wholly Holy," though it must be acknowledged as a classic of black American music, is shapeless and lyrically weak, the arrangement an overly busy mess. Happily, the seven-minute "Right On" is a worthy comedown from the mastery of the suite, and of course the falsetto and depressive tease "Inner City Blues" could lift anything.
What's Going On is the unveiling of a man, the rigorous and elegant documentation of a time and a culture. Its low piano lines and gorgeous da-da-das bring its time more vividly to life than any history book, perhaps because the dots it connects to the world to which subsequent generations have awoken are so strong. Vietnam is long over, but war remains, as do our struggles with poverty, addiction, and racism. Can something this beautiful have a part in helping us cope? A few seconds, really any, of the first side of this LP and/or "Inner City Blues" can't save the world, but damn if they don't feel like some form of deliverance.